Tuesday, December 15, 2020

Book Review - The Nine Lives of Pakistan

The Nine Lives of Pakistan: Dispatches from a Divided NationThe Nine Lives of Pakistan: Dispatches from a Divided Nation by Declan Walsh
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

This engrossing account, written in a chatty style, deals with the existential dilemma of Pakistan.
More concept than country, Pakistan strained under the centrifugal forces of history, identity, and faith. Could it hold?
As the British retreated to lick their wounds after WW II, the two J’s – Jinnah and Jawahar – in their vanity, eviscerated the sub-continent, Jinnah having a dubious triple honour, according to his biographer Stanley Wolpert
Few individuals significantly alter the course of history. Fewer still modify the map of the world. Hardly anyone can be credited with creating a nation-state. Muhammad Ali Jinnah did all three
The author loves the country – warts and all – yet offers a fairly unbiased narrative of the conundrum of what could have been a great country
Most knew Pakistan as a stage for lurid dramas on a grand scale, characterized by spectacular violence, villainous leaders and deluded messiahs with feverish dreams of global domination.
Here is a very first-hand and perspicacious view of the 'concept' of this country
It was certainly true that the trauma of partition, and the confusions of faith and identity it created, lurked behind the most enduring pathologies I encountered in the land of broken maps. Although Pakistan was built on faith, Islam offered an incomplete identity. Negation of India filled the void. Viewed through this lens, so much of what Pakistan did – the coddling of jihadis, the scheming in Afghanistan – seemed to stem from a gnawing insecurity. Pakistan had to be everything India was, and was not.
Immensely readable – at times providing a sense of schadenfreude to the Indian reader

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Monday, December 7, 2020

Book Review - Jugalbandi by Viany Sitapati

Jugalbandi: The BJP Before ModiJugalbandi: The BJP Before Modi by Vinay Sitapati
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

A lucidly written political history of India from the BJP perspective, in an easy to swallow capsule. The book traces the evolution of the present ruling dispensation from the first unfurling of the saffron flag of the RSS during pre-independence times. The tentative guttering flame of the Jan Sangh tries to flourish but, as the “Buddha smiled”, mutates into the blooming lotus.
A factual error: bhang is not opium – bhang pakodaswere a favourite of Vajpayee, as the author mentions.
I read about the mosque demolition in the book on 6 Dec. A coincidence??


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Friday, December 4, 2020

Book Review - Utopia Avenue by David Mitchell

 

Utopia AvenueUtopia Avenue by David Mitchell
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

Utopia Avenue cements David Mitchel’s sterling reputation as a master story-teller.
After dabbling in the occult (The Bone Clocks), paying a tribute to John Lennon (Number 9 Dream), historical fiction (The Thousand Autumns of Jacob de Zoet), classical music and SF (Cloud Atlas), the author writes about the psychadelic rock-music genre. Marc Bolan, Al Ginsberg, Steve Winwood, a pre-psychotic Syd Barrett, Pink Floyd, The Beatles make an appearance in the narrative. Here the gorgeous, heterochromic David Robert Jones, epitomizing Ziggy Stardust waltzes by
a figure striding up, his trench coat flapping like a super-hero’s cape… The figure pushes back his fringe to reveal a thin white face, with one blue eye and one jet-black.
…Jasper mines a shrug. ‘Who are you?’
‘David Bowie, artiste-at-large.’
The Cloud Atlas sextet makes a cameo appearance and fiction segues into reality when the band members discuss the newly released Sergeant Pepper’s
‘I asked,’ said Dean, ‘what yer thought of the album.’
‘Why stick labels on the moon? It’s Art.’
Hendrix exchanging guitar techniques, Keith Moon (the drummer from The Who), the artist Francis Bacon and the syrupy Herman’s Hermits drift in and out of the narrative.
An encounter with a stoned rock-artist/poet.
Another under-table shuffler. Twenty feet away, fifteen, ten, five … The two inspect each other.
‘You are you aren’t you? Asks Jasper.
‘I think so,’ says John Lennon.
‘I have been looking for you since I got here.’
‘Congratulations. I am looking for …’ He needs a prompt.
‘Looking for what, John?’
‘Something I lost,’ says the Beatle.’
‘What have you lost, John?’
‘My fuckin’ mind, pal.’
The following encounter occurs at Leonard Cohen’s marijuana soaked roof-top party.
A woman turns around. She wears a pink boa woven through her hair, the gown of a damsel in distress, enough bracelets and chains to open a stall, and is one of America’s most famous singers.
‘Janis fookin’ Joplin? This time it’s Griff who blurts.
Soon Janis belts out a rock classic accompanied by Jackson Browne.
What seems to be the meteoric (such a cliched term) career of a rock-group, soon acquires ominous undertones. Without adding spoilers, there is a connection to another of the authors books towards the end. It is not (Cloud Atlas) although it deals with trans-generational migration of souls…

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Thursday, November 26, 2020

Book Review: Honour Among Spies

Honour Among SpiesHonour Among Spies by Asad Durrani
My rating: 2 of 5 stars

A badly written, cliched apologia churned out in haste by the former boss of ISI. A cryptic account for Indian readers, it has needless obfuscations and allusions; the nom des plumes are confusing and unwarranted. The author becomes Osama Barakazai, Benazir Bhutto is the Queen, Saddam Hussain is the Mesopotamian Chief and, most intriguing of all, Osama bin Laden mutates into a female. Others: Jabbar Jatt Gen Bajwa; Gulrez Shahrukh Gen Musharraf; Sharma Vajpayee; K I Gujjar Manmohan Singh. ISI Headquarters is the Lair; Khurshid Kadri Imran Khan and so on. The tribal machinations of the Pak Army are incomprehensible. The end is puzzling. The book needed a good editor, littered as it is with typos – altar becomes alter.

Reality masquerading as fiction loses its sting.

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Saturday, October 17, 2020

Book Review - Family Matters by Rohinton Mistry

Family MattersFamily Matters by Rohinton Mistry
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

Brilliant! A beautifully crafted, poignant story of down-and-out Parsis in Bombay. It is about the helplessness of old age, family love, family strife, ethics, coming of age, religion both as a savior and as a tool for fundamentalists etc. The lyrical prose describing the city:
Time passed as he stood on the balcony and saw the clouds assume the colour of the evening. The setting sun was painting copper edges around them. He looked at the chaos of television cables and radio antennae and electrical connections and telephone lines spread out against the sky. Fitting, he thought, for a city that was chaos personified. This mad confusion of wires, criss-crossing between buildings, haphazardly spanning the road, looping crazily around trees, climbing drunkenly to rooftops – this mad confusion of wires, criss-crossing between buildings, haphazardly spanning the road, looping crazily around trees, climbing drunkenly to rooftops – this mad confusion seemed to have trapped the neighbourhood in its web.
A moment of beauty in the midst of insurmountable difficulties:
The balcony door framed the scene: nine-year-old happily feeding seventy-nine…She felt she was witnessing something almost sacred, and her eyes refused to relinquish the precious moment, for she knew instinctively that it would become a memory to cherish, to recall in difficult times when she needed strength.
The optimist always see the glass as half-full and not half-empty:
But the sources of pleasure are many. Ditches, potholes, traffic cannot extinguish all the joys of life.


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Thursday, October 8, 2020

Book Review - Life on the Death Railway: The memoirs of a British POW

Life on the Death Railway: The Memoirs of a British POWLife on the Death Railway: The Memoirs of a British POW by Stuart Young
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

A rather flippant account of POWs held by the Japanese during WW II. The gruesome details are tempered by levity. A diet of rice led to continence
Our urge to urinate rose spectacularly, but the complementary bodily function disappeared completely. Twice a day we would visit the bore-holes by the Changi cinema and squat there for half an hour or more without result. Going through the motions without motions so to speak... In about a couple of weeks, the maladjustment had indeed righted itself, while the 'record' as far as I know was forty-one days. It is one of life's little ironies that the record holder would in less than twelve months succumb to dysentery.
... a denouement that rivals a yarn by Saki. The harsh reality was far from beautiful
The ulcers grew, stretching from ankle to knee, laying the bone open in the centre of the rotting, pus-laden, gangrenous flesh. Cleaning was brutally simple. A dessert spoon was sterilized and, while the poor unfortunate patient bit on a piece of weed, and clung desperately to the head of his bed, the pus and rotted flesh was literally scraped away from the affected part. There was no anaesthetic of any sort and the agony must have been almost unendurable.
Despite such tropical ulcers, intestinal worms, fungal infections, malaria - including cerebral malaria and blackwater fever, dysentery - bacterial, amoebic, cholera, typhoid the author still has a sunny outlook on life
Even at Tonchan South, there were moments of relaxation, and, dare I say, beauty
His fighting spirit braves all adversities
So, with the distant view softening the memory of those terrible days of long ago, it is with the railway. As the years go by it becomes more and more difficult to recapture in mere words, the horror, the filth, the degradation and the saturated stinking misery of interminable day upon day with no end in sight, no time when one could say "This is the last day of my sentence, and I am once again free."


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Tuesday, October 6, 2020

Book Review - Krishna's Playground: Vrindavan in the 21st Century

Krishna's Playground: Vrindavan in the 21st CenturyKrishna's Playground: Vrindavan in the 21st Century by John Stratton Hawley
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

An engrossing and breathless, albeit sanitized, account of the Vrindavan – the basil “forest” – if you will, where Krishna purportedly frolicked with his flock besotted gopis. It is a sad account of an idyllic pastoral village being polluted with crass commerce and greedy land developers. Loudspeakers, garish bill-boards, tacky temple architecture have marred the pristine glory of hoary temples and ‘kunj galis’ of yore. The Yamuna is but a sewer, alas! The rusty bucolic environs have been replaced by cows munching plastic waste on garbage heaps and dying painful deaths.
The book dwells inordinately on a gaudy temple on the fringes of Vrindavan that is yet to get off the ground, a temple with its own interpretation of the Vedas and Krishna’s lore. The other needless bantering is about his host – a self-proclaimed benefactor of Vrindavan. Nouveau riche ‘pilgrims’ meander among the pigs and squalor, menaced by predatory simians who have replaced the iconic peafowls – who’s vibrant feather is a constant adornment of Lord Krishna.
The historical account from the sixteenth century onwards including the Mughal era is well documented but the tone of casteism biased towards brahmins is jarring.

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Wednesday, September 23, 2020

Book Review - Radial Spirits by Nandini Patwardhan

Radical Spirits: India's First Woman Doctor and Her American ChampionsRadical Spirits: India's First Woman Doctor and Her American Champions by Nandini Patwardhan
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

Since childhood Anandi Joshee nee Yamuna always had an inquisitive spark in her. This spark was fanned by her father who encouraged her to study. This glowing spark was then fuelled by her husband Gopal. He was her bulwark against social ostracism – for it was unthinkable in those days for a Brahmin woman to study. His support extended to letting her go to America on her own for medical studies. Schizophrenically,
One night, things came to a head. In the middle of tutoring, Anandi begged to be let out of the lesson and Gopal lost his temper. He beat her with a stick until she was black and blue.
However, it was her limitless drive and will-power that made her persist in studying medicine in a strange land with its freezing weather and a poor availability of vegetarian food. Another anchor was her American sponsor, Theodocia who lovingly cared for her a debilitating illness ravaged her the budding doctor. The book talks about her interpersonal relationships but fails to detail her clinical training. All we get to know are some details about her thesis
“Obstetrics among the Aryan Hindoos.” The thesis was an exposition of Hindu beliefs and practices covering everything from the earliest signs of pregnancy to diseases of the new-born. The thesis described the use of turmeric combined with sesame oil to cleanse a woman’s body immediately after the delivery, and to massage the new-born. Other ingredients mentioned for medicinal use were black mustard powder, orris root, honey, opium, asafoetida, long pepper and its root, dry ginger, and milk. The minerals used were iron, “copper sulph,” “zinc sulph,” and mercury. Anandi wrote about how the new mother was forbidden to drink milk or water that had not been previously boiled. The reason for this was based on the Ayurvedic knowledge of bacteriology: The ancients strongly believed that “the atmosphere is densely populated by germs of infinite variety and minuteness and can never be seen by the human eye. These can be destroyed by heat and fumes of certain resins, hence the boiling process.” Anandi’s thesis summarized diagnostic techniques available to the physician using the physical senses of touch, hearing, vision, taste, smell, and speech. Of these, the most interesting one was taste—not the patient’s or the physician’s, but that of red ants. It was used to detect excess sugar in the body: Taste will decide the constituents of the urinary secretion as the red ants are found to be very fond of sugar.
Despite the shortcomings, this inspiring book should be mandatory reading for aspiring Indian doctors, most of who are disgracing our noble profession and turning it into a business – with seats being purchased for undergraduate and postgraduate studies for tens of lakhs of rupees.
As an aside, despite all British claims for improving the lot of Indians during their Raj, here are the observation of the American ambassador Col. Hans Mattson
I said that India is better ruled now than ever before; but that is not saying much, for it ought to be ruled still better and more in the interest of the natives. The ruling class: India has civil service with a vengeance, the office-holding class being even more arrogant, proud and independent than the titled nobility. They rule the country with an iron hand, regard it simply as a field for gathering in enormous salaries, and after twenty-five years’ service they return to England with a grand India pension.


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Sunday, September 20, 2020

Book Review - Under the Knife: A History of Surgery in 28 Remarkable Operations

 

Under the Knife: A History of Surgery in 28 Remarkable OperationsUnder the Knife: A History of Surgery in 28 Remarkable Operations by Arnold van de Laar
My rating: 2 of 5 stars

Surprising that in a book detailing the “History of Surgery”, there is no historical background about tracheostomy – just incidents at the end of life of two American Presidents. It is fascinating that Hippocrates method of treating fistula-in-ano is still prevalent. The evolution of surgical tools from stones, bronze, then iron succeeded by steel scalpels to the electric Bovie, the gamma-knife and finally laser ablation is surely a reflection of human ingenuity. However, the frightening and incomprehensible practice of blood-letting as the standard treatment for all ills is viewed by today’s doctors aghast at the sanguineous ritual, much as our descendants will probably view our present day surgical techniques as primitive (COVID-19 and other novel pandemic-causing viruses permitting!!). A book that may be of vicarious interest to laypersons, this has nothing really new for doctors.

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Wednesday, September 16, 2020

Book Review - Mother India by Katherine Mayo

 

Mother IndiaMother India by Katherine Mayo
My rating: 1 of 5 stars

Her scurrilous writing displays her blatant antipathy towards all things Indian – the country, the religion, the culture, the natives. So why did she set out to write this misandrous and sanctimonious piece of garbage. I struggled through it in the hope of finding something redeeming in her ‘research’. Indians in her perception are a teeming mass of scrawny, malnourished, lascivious pedophiles.
In the courts and alleys and bazaars many little bookstalls, where narrow-chested, near-sighted, anaemic young Bengali students, in native dress, brood over piles of fly-blown Russian pamphlets.
How this seething mass of sweaty stunted skeletal scarecrows managed to overthrow the mighty British Empire, she cannot explain. One gets the impression that, but for the benevolent British, Indians would have still been in the Stone Age. Did Indians really justify suttee through this convoluted logic?
"We husbands so often make our wives unhappy," said this frank witness, "that we might well fear they would poison us. Therefore did our wise ancestors make the penalty of widowhood so frightful - in order that the woman may not be tempted."
Were famines so bad?
pounded bones of the dead were mixed with flour and sold...Destitution at length reached such a pitch that men began to devour each other and the flesh of a son was preferred to his love.
or again
Weomen were scene to rost their Children...A man or woman noe sooner dead but they were Cutt in pieces to be eaten.


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Monday, September 14, 2020

Book Review - The McMahon Line: A Century of Discord

 

The McMahon Line: A Century of DiscordThe McMahon Line: A Century of Discord by J.J. Singh
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

An authoritative, but not pedantic, account of the historical evolution of the McMahon Line on India’s north-eastern border. The history of Tibet in indeed comprehensive. But the book needed better graphics and clearer maps to clarify the mystifying geography of the mountainous region – Google maps was more valuable. For old maps I found this site to be very useful: https://www.davidrumsey.com/.
The book could also do with a good editor to remove not only linguistic eggcorns like "tow the line", but also irritatingly frequent repetitions or certain incidents and extracts. The ending was too verbose without any clear-cut strategic answers – the author also seems to have been lulled into complacence by the rousing reception he received during his visit to Beijing. Ironically, he accuses of his predecessors, bureaucrats and their political masters, including Nehru, of being seduced by the Hindi Chini Bhai Bha rhetoric and remaining in a state of denial and ignorance of the evil designs of the Chinese before the ’62 conflict.

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Monday, September 7, 2020

Book Review: River of Fire

 

River of Fire: Aag Ka DaryaRiver of Fire: Aag Ka Darya by Qurratulain Hyder
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

The idea of the book was wonderful but was marred somewhat by the execution. Being a historical novel I expected something along the lines of To Your Scattered Bodies Go by Philip José Farmer or even Cloud Atlas.
There are too many characters and, except for the core group of Kamal, Gautam, Hari, Amir, Nirmala, Champa and Talat, they appear very superficial.
Moreover, which “River” is being talked about – Saryu/Ghaghra or Ganga? The “Fire” of the heading appears to be allegorical, but I could not figure what was being symbolized. I also found the spatial distortion between Shravasti and Bahraich disconcerting.
The book begins briskly during the period of the Gupt Dyansty but then gets bogged down in the middle as a gossipy interlude. It is more of an expansion of the author’s Ship of Sorrows. But I loved the poignant ending – especially (spoiler alert) Kamal’s disenchantment with post-partition India. Probably reflects the author’s own yearning for India after her self-imposed exile. Of course, the secular tone of the book appears so incomprehensible in the present day.
Back home in Bahraich a fat old mouse used to play such difficult Wagner pieces, running up and down the chords! … “It sounds odd, playing Wagner in Bahraich,” she remarked ironically
Wagner in Bahraich?
Bahraich?
I remember it as a one-horse, somnambulant, dusty town in the Sixties near the border of Nepal. The only redeeming feature was the availability of smuggled goods from China. The other event of note was my Uncle tearing around on his Enfield.

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Friday, September 4, 2020

Book Review: India's WAR by Srinath Raghvan

 

India's War: The Making of Modern South Asia 1939-1945India's War: The Making of Modern South Asia 1939-1945 by Srinath Raghavan
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

A comprehensive and lucid account of pre-independence India’s contribution to World War II in the context of the following:
Strategic dimensions of war
International dimensions of war
Domestic politics
Socio-economic dimensions
The War itself
There is a lot one learns from the narrative, the most important being the dismissive attitude of Western leaders about the capacity of Indians to rule themselves. Churchill’s views are well known:
I hate Indians, they are beastly people with a beastly religion
Hitler too had a poor opinion of Indians
If the English give India back her liberty, within twenty years India will have lost her liberty again
The War made strange bed-fellows – the US, China, UK/India ganged up against the rampaging Japanese. Geopolitics changed and now the target of Japan, the US, India, England is a resurgent China.
John Connell mentions in Auchinleck: A Biography of Field-Marshal Sir Claude Auchinleck
As long as a cat arches her back, spits and faces the dog in front of her, he will hesitate and sometimes go away: the moment she turns tail she is done for.
This prompts the author to add a flippant comment
Such were the zoological assumptions on which the defence of the Far East rested, Little wonder, it failed to survive contact with the enemy
The Japanese campaign is covered exhaustively, but the North African campaign stops at Tobruk and the decisive battle of El Alamein is described after many chapters – the thread of the narrative is lost.
The shrewd Jinnah comes across as an astute scheming politico, running circles around the Gandhi/Nehru Congress and British bureaucrats. The Chinese generalissimo Chiang Kai Shek
found Jinnah ‘dishonest’: ‘the British make use of people like this – but it’s not true that Hindus and Muslims can’t get on’
Nobel Laureate Pearl S. Buck, in a gloomy letter to Eleanor Roosevelt, wrote
Jinnah, in particular, was a ‘demagogue of the most dangerous type’. He had no love for his country and was the ‘perfect tool for the Axis’.
George Orwell contributed as a BBC announcer. Here is a surprisingly prejudiced aspect of the author of 1984 and Animal Farm
The failure of Cripps’ mission, in fact, brought out Orwell’s submerged prejudices. He noted with approval Wintringham’s observation that ‘in practice the majority of Indians are inferior to Europeans, and one can’t help feeling this and, after a while, acting accordingly.
And again
Yet Orwell held that Indian nationalism was racist and xenophobic. ‘Most Indians who are politically conscious hate Britain so much’, Orwell patronizingly claimed, ‘that they have ceased to bother about the consequences of an Axis victory.’
Here is a staccato account of the evacuation of Madras in anticipation of Japanese bombing:
Hundreds of tanks came out in procession. Thousands of small explosions occurred. Bomb trenches were dug. Visiting the beach after 6 pm was prohibited. Wild animals in the Zoo were shot. Chinese restaurants opened. Dancing halls proliferated. Talcum powder became costlier… Use of electricity was restricted
A fallout of wartime shortages
Another lasting culinary consequence of the war was the rava idli - a variant of the staple south Indian breakfast that substituted semolina for the increasingly scarce rice
Such scattered nuggets make the, at times, turgid reading with statistics, tables and graphs, entertaining.
The Civil Services, railways, roads, irrigation canals apart, the British managed to unite the subcontinent into a country. John Masters wistfully remarks on the surrender of the Japanese to the Indian Army
As the tanks burst away down the road to Rangoon … (they) took possession of a the empire we built … Twenty races, a dozen religions, a score of languages passed in those trucks and tanjks. When my great-great-grandfather first went to India there had been as many nations: now there was one - India


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Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Book Review - The Testaments by Margaret Atwood

The Testaments (The Handmaid's Tale, #2)The Testaments by Margaret Atwood
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

Sequels disappoint and this is no exception. Sequels can never equal or transcend the original – unless they have been planned as linear shorter forms of an ungainly epic. To milk the popularity of The Handmaid's Tale, The Testaments has been written after nearly three decades.
Margaret Atwood’s forte is dystopic future scenarios – as seen in the palindromic Maddaddam Trilogy Series 3 Books Collection Set By Margaret Atwood.
Gilead is a near future misogynistic Christian theocratic state – Biblical sayings justify the ‘use’ of Handmaids Rachel said to Jacob: “Here is my maid Bilhah; go in to her, that she may bear upon my knees and that I too may have children through her.” Out of this arrangement, Bilhah gave Jacob two sons and became the mother of Dan and Naphtali (Gen. 30:3-8). Ideas borrowed from Islamic Sharia turn women into mere chattels.
Even with grown women, four female witnesses are equivalent of one male, here in Gilead.
Hair was permitted inside a dwelling unless there were men around, because men had a thing about hair, it made them spin out of control, they said. And my hair was particularly inflammatory because it was greenish.
There are even echoes of Fahrenheit 451
There was no lettering on the stores – only pictures on the signs. A boot, a fish, a tooth.
Censorship and imagined prurience by the self-appointed moral police attains ridiculous levels:
The books I was given to learn from were about a boy and a girl called Dick and Jane. The books were very old, and the pictures had been altered at Ardua Hall. Jane wore long skirts and sleeves, but you could tell from the places where the paint had been applied that her skirt had once been above her knees and her sleeves had ended above her elbows. Her hair had once been uncovered.
Much to my chagrin, I witnessed this phenomenon a couple of decades ago in Saudi Arabia.
The narrative putters along, but then speed increases exponentially – almost as if the author was in a hurry to finish the arduous task of spinning the tale.

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Monday, August 17, 2020

Book Review: The Untoucable by Mulk Raj Anand

UntouchableUntouchable by Mulk Raj Anand
My rating: 2 of 5 stars

The practice of cleaning mephitic dry latrines and carrying away the shit (faeces, if you will) is euphemistically called “manual scavenging”. Can scavenging be done non-manually? dictionary.com defines a scavenger as 1. An animal or other organism that feeds on dead organic matter, 2. A person who searches through and collects items from discarded material, 3. A street cleaner. There is no mention of scraping off the turds and other consistencies of anal excrement into leaky baskets and carting off the load on the head to dispose it elsewhere.
Reading this book made me want to shrivel up and disappear from this unjust Universe. I am ashamed of our caste-ridden society. Sadly, the abhorrent practice of “manual scavenging” and the attendant boycotting a section of people prevails in some villages, notwithstanding Modi’s best efforts. The bureaucratic inertia will take some more decades to crawl out of its lethargy. This is the protagonist’s younger brother:
He seemed a true child of the outcaste colony, where there are no drains, no light no water; of the marshland where people live among latrines of the townsmen, and in the stink of their own ding scattered about here, there and everywhere; of the world where the day is dark as the night and the night pitch-dark. He had wallowed in its mire, bathed in its marshes, played among its rubbish-heaps; his listless, lazy, lousy manner was a result of his surroundings, He was the vehicle of a life-force, the culminating point in the destiny of which would never come, because malaria lingered in his bones, and that disease does not kill but merely dissipates the energy. He was friend of the flies and the mosquitoes, their boon companion since his childhood… his dirty face on which the flies congregated in abundance to taste-of the sweet delights of the saliva on the corners of his lips.
What a malodourous, soul wrenching, humiliating and psyche-crushing existence of this unfortunate section of society, not even included with in the ambit of humanity.
I did not like this book for its verbiage and quaint style of writing.

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Saturday, August 15, 2020

Book Reivew: The Help by Kathryn Stockett

The HelpThe Help by Kathryn Stockett
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

South Africa was at the receiving end of crippling isolation due to the reprehensible practice of apartheid. However, racial segregation persisted even in the Sixties in the southern states of America. This was during the time of the Bob Dylan, Hippies and Woodstock.
The derogatory so called Jim Crow laws from the 1880s had been diluted but the social distinctions persisted. Public parks were forbidden for African Americans to enter, and theatres and restaurants were segregated. Segregated waiting rooms in bus and train stations were required, as well as water fountains, restrooms, building entrances, elevators, cemeteries, even amusement-park cashier windows. Laws forbade African Americans from living in white neighbourhoods. Segregation was enforced for public pools, phone booths, hospitals, asylums, jails, and residential homes for the elderly and handicapped.
Some states required separate textbooks Black and white students. New Orleans mandated the segregation of prostitutes according to race. In Atlanta, African Americans in court were given a different Bible from white people to swear on. Marriage and cohabitation between white and Black people was strictly forbidden in most Southern states. It was not uncommon to see signs posted at town and city limits warning African Americans that they were not welcome there. Some example of these despicable laws
No person shall require any white female to nurse in wards or rooms in which negro men are placed.
It shall be unlawful for a white person to marry anyone except a white person. Any marriage in vilation of this section shall be void.
No coloured barber shall serve as a barber to white women or girls.
The officer in charge shall not bury any coloured persons upon ground used for the burial of white persons.
Books shall not be interchangeable between the white and coloured schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them.
The Board shall maintain a separate building on separate grounds for the instruction of all blind persons of the coloured race
The characters may appear to be stereotyped and cliched, but this well scripted yarn is engaging, suspenseful and yet poignant.
Despite reservations, urbanization and the social churn in India, we have yet to get over our abhorrent caste system and the prosecution of Dalits - saddening examples of which still occur tragically frequently, especially in the countryside.

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Thursday, August 13, 2020

Book Review - नौकर की कमीज़

नौकर की कमीज़नौकर की कमीज़ by Vinod Kumar Shukla
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

Incredibly hard to classify, this book falls into no mould or style of book. It is the banal story of a newly employed and married government clerk from a poor socioeconomic background. Despite being a graduate, this cantankerous but helpless individual is exploited by his superior officer and treated as a domestic servant. Similarly, as the couple struggle with their hand-to-mouth existence, his subservient and despairing wife too is exploited by her rich landlady. Yet the characters stay on inthe reader's memory. Although the mystical element of Divara Mem Eka Khiraki Rahati Thi and Once It Flowers is missing, the "real realism" (to coin a phrase) is more bitter than the magic realism the author commonly employs – a leaky roof, rations on credit, a fractured arm, fever and delirium, etc. There are echoes of Divara Mem Eka Khiraki Rahati ThiWindow – the newly married couple, a doting mother, low paid job, an understanding boss, daily commute to work etc. The language is simple and the conversation about mundane subjects, straying occasionally into the philosophical realm.

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Saturday, August 1, 2020

Book Review: Book of Shadows by Namita Gokhale


Book Of ShadowsBook Of Shadows by Namita Gokhale
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

The book starts with a seismic bang, but then meanders along in a maudlin fashion before exploding in a series of volcanic eruptions. These eruptions are the result of the actions of individuals damaged physically, mentally, and spiritually who come to inhabit the house central to the story. They are a bunch of eccentric, cruel, perverted, lecherous and sadistic persons over succeeding generations.
I picked up this mystical and literary book both for the nostalgia for my childhood spent in Nainital and Ranikhet, as well as for my partial Kumaoni ancestry. The author’s style of writing is very evocative – I could hear the cacophony of cicadas, smell the chir and deodar trees, taste the tart wild strawberries, tangy kaphal and syrupy pulpy hisaaloo and visualize the sylvan slopes. I could even hear the distant flute amidst the clanging cow-bells:
It’s cloying, it’s creepy, it’s crawly, it’s crepuscular.
The end is rather abrupt and unsatisfying, hence the three stars.

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Thursday, July 30, 2020

Book Review: Money by Martin Amis


MoneyMoney by Martin Amis
My rating: 2 of 5 stars

My old review from 2016.
Amis’ book is about the bacchanalian life and the debauchery of a film director that leads to his ultimate descent into ruination and decrepitude. The compulsive onanism/self-gratification is akin to Philip Roth’s “Portnoy’s Complaint”.
Despite the depravity of the sundry characters, the prose is lyrical and vivid. Here is the famous inclement dismal and dank London weather:
Through these chutes of slates, you could inspect the weather, which was making a comeback of the stalled-career variety, the sun all rusty and out of condition, glowing then failing suddenly like a damp torch.
This is his take on bees:
Metallic, superdynamated, these creatures of the lower air moved about like complicit demons, so heavy that when they hovered they seemed to be idling from invisible threads.
The birds are at the receiving end of smoggy weather in metropolises:
The birds of New York shivered and croaked among the bent branches. The birds of New York have or less given up the ghost, and who can blame them? They have been processed by Manhattan and the twentieth century. A standard-issue British pigeon would look like a cockatoo among them – a robin redbreast would look like a bird of paradise. The birds of New York are old spivs in dirty macs. They live off charity and welfare handouts. They cough and grumble and flap their arms for warmth. Declassed, they have slipped several links in the chin of being; it’s been rough all right. No more songs or plump worms or flights to summer seas. The twentieth has been a bad century for the birds of New York, and they know it.
The protagonist thinks and lives pornography:
As I walked home through streets the colour or oyster and carbon, the air suddenly shivered and shook its coat like a wet dog, like the surface of worried water. I paused – we all did – and lifted my face to the sky……. Up in the clear distance basked a hollow pink cloud, a rosy cusp fastened by tendrils at either end, like a vertical eye, a vertical mouth. In its core lay a creaturely essence, meticulous, feminine….. I am probably not alone in supposing that I am shaped by how I see things. And the cloud up there certainly looked like a pussy to me.
Nature being affected by modern day civilization:
City life is happening everywhere. The wasp was dead. That sting was its last shot. Flies get dizzy spells and bees have booze problems. Robin redbreasts hit the deck with psychosomatic ulcers and cholesterol overload. In the alleys, dogs are coughing their hearts out on snout and dope. The stooped flowers in their sodden beds endure bask-pinch and rug-loss what with all the stress about. Even the microbes, the spores of the middle air are finding all this a little hard on their nerves.
Here he talks about physical pain. I disagree somewhat, pain gets worse and assumes a pathological form as time passes
Pain is very patient but even pain grows bored occasionally and wants to try its hand at something else. Even pain gets pissed, and craves variety. Pain doesn’t always just want to hand around hurting all the time.


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Wednesday, July 29, 2020

Book Review: दीवार में एक खिड़की रहती थी


Divara Mem Eka Khiraki Rahati ThiDivara Mem Eka Khiraki Rahati Thi by Vinod Kumar Shukla
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

This dreamy narrative of a newly married ambidextrous maths teacher proceeds with elephantine grace. There are meandering conversations – almost at cross purposes – as if the participants are tripping on LSD or cannabis. Try to figure out the symbolism of the elephant, unclaimed bicycles, the boy in the tree (akin to the cameo of Yossarian and Milo Minderbinder in Catch-22), the old woman in the window, and the window itself. The Beatles' Magical Mystery Tour and Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds seem to have influenced the psychedelic visits into the window – almost like the paranormal The City & the City or the alternate reality of 1Q84. The lyrical description of the sounds of the ripening and sweetening of fruits is a delightful example of synaesthesia. The lovemaking of the romantic couple is portrayed cryptically as a series of innocent abrasions on the touchstone rock made by the jewellery of the writhing bride. Despite the simple language the book is very evocative.
I'm now planning to read नौकर की कमीज़.

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Saturday, July 25, 2020

Book Review:Translation of खिलेगा तो देखेंगे


Once It FlowersOnce It Flowers by Vinod Kumar Shukla
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

An Alice's Adventures in Wonderland type of book, खिलेगा तो देखेंगे is narrated in a dreamy, surreal, poetic style.
There must be a silencer mounted on time as well. Try as one might, it’s hard to make out time’s passing. Maybe the silencer in Guruji’s rooms has tiny perforation that let time’s ticking through
The nightingale sang while the sparrow was visible. Using playback technology, the sparrow sang the nightingale’s song.
The bucolic pace meanders along with lethal wooden guns, seismic events, conversations like Vedic incantations enlivening the narrative.
A person can’t run his hands over the day to feel out its shape the way he can run his hands over a flute to tell it is a flute
At one point there is a crescendo of ticking clocks like Pink Floyd’s Time.
Families painted a safety charm on the wall of their huts. They would pick up a fistful of cow-dung and paint the image of a man and woman protected by a circle. The charm was painted during the rainy season. The pain families bore in their routine life was sufficient for them. The circle was intended to prevent their suffering from brimming and overflowing, to keep the suffering in their own houses rather than have it leak out to a neighbour’s
They played small flutes as was their custom. Only now did the morning truly arrive. The other morning had been false. People who owned watches reset the time. The sum moved back and started the morning all over again.
Dirt went into the cracks when she walked on dry earth. When she walked over cracked soil, the cracks themselves stuck to her feet
Such evocative descriptions are littered all over the book, strongly recommending further reading of Vinod Kumar Shukla's works.

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Saturday, July 18, 2020

Book Review: Arrowsmith by Sinclair Lewis


ArrowsmithArrowsmith by Sinclair Lewis
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

Like Lucas Marsh (Not As a Stranger) and Andrew Manson (The Citadel), Martin Arrowsmith was dedicated to Medicine and not to the commercial aspects of the profession. He is a flawed hero, with no social skills – turning into a sociopath by the end of the story. Crucial to the 'success' of all three protagonists is the role of the women in their lives. This was the town-doctor’s room that inspired Arrowsmith to turn to medicine
The central room was at once business office, consultation-room, operating-theatre, living-room, poker den, and warehouse for guns and fishing tackle. Against a brown plaster wall was a cabinet of zoological collections and medical curiosities, and beside it the most dreadful and fascinating object known to the boy-world of Elk Mills – a skeleton with one gaunt gold tooth… On the wall was a home-stuffed pickerel on as home-varnished board. Beside the rusty stove, a saw-dust box cuspidor rested on a slimy oilcloth worn through to the threads. On the senile table was a pile of memoranda of debts… The most unsanitary corner was devoted to the cast-iron sink, which was oftener used for washing eggy breakfast plates than for sterilizing instruments. On its ledge were a broken test-tube, a broken fishhook, an unlabeled and forgotten bottle of pills, a nail-bristling heel, a frayed cigar-butt, and a rusty lancet stuck in a potato. The wild raggedness of the room was the soul and symbol of Doc Vickerson.
The book is a satire on mediocrity and the bane of self-aggrandizing charlatans that sprout like mushrooms in the rains – charlatans like Wesley Mouch (Atlas Shrugged). It is an indictment of imposters and frauds in science that come up with committees with fanciful names that canvass against innovation and original research.

There was an eerie feeling of déjà vu when I read this
From Yunnan in China, from the clattering bright bazaars, crept something invisible in the sun and vigilant by dark, creeping, sinister, ceaseless; creeping across the Himalayas, down through walled market-place, across a desert, along hot yellow rivers…and here and there on its way a man was black and stilled with plague
And again
the value of face-masks in influenza epidemics
This Pulitzer Prize winning novel (although the author did not accept it) propelled with other satirical works like Babbitt and Main Street eventually deservedly propelled the author towards a Noble Prize in Literature.

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Sunday, June 7, 2020

Book Review: The Snow Leopard by Peter Matthiessen


The Snow LeopardThe Snow Leopard by Peter Matthiessen
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

The author goes on an adventure along with a famous naturalist, George Scaller, to study the mating habits of Bharal (Pseudois nayaur) and hopefully sight the elusive Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia). The arduous trek through the inhospitable and treacherous hills through rain, snow and blizzards ends up as a journey of spiritual enlightenment. He has an excellent eye for detail, describing the snow-clad mountains, sunrises and sunsets, the moon and star, the birds and animals in engrossing detail. Here he talks about the grinding poverty of the villages in Nepal
A child dragging bent useless legs is crawling up the hill outside the village. Nose to the stones, goat dung, and muddy trickles, she pulls herself along like a broken cricket. We falter, ashamed of our strong step, and noticing this, she gazes up, clear-eyed, without resentment – it seems much worse that she is pretty.
Here he is at a loss of words to describe the stark beauty and spiritual power of the Himalayas and Tibetan plateau
Frustration at the paltriness of words drives me to write, but there is more of Shey in a single sheep hair, in one withered sprig of everlasting, than in all these notes; to strive for permanence in what I think I have perceived is to miss the point.
The environmental degradation by man – this was back in the Seventies
Especially in India and Pakistan, the hoofed animals are rapidly disappearing, due to destruction of habitat by subsistence agriculture, overcutting of the forests, over-grazing by the scraggy hordes of domestic animals, erosion, flood – the whole dismal cycle of event that accompanies over-crowding by human beings.
There is a strong element of Buddhism and existentialism throughout the book. The maps are very helpful in orienting the reader although I wish there were some photographs too.

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Sunday, May 10, 2020

Book Review: The Plague by Albert Camus


The PlagueThe Plague by Albert Camus
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

All crises produce reactionary literature, art, and music. That is the coping mechanism of humans against adversity. There would be no Catch-22 without World War II, no Love in the Time of Cholera, no Woodstock, no Guide, no गोदान Godan . Sometimes, prescient humans can predict the future in an uncomfortably accurate fashion – Soderbegh’s The Contagion.
In the present pandemic, Bansky’s inimitable graffiti pays tribute to Nurses. Stay-at-home art is restricted to painting masks on Raja Ravi Verma’s saree-clad damsels and Mona Lisa. All genres of electronic music – Progressive, Techno, Trance, House – have been produced at home for live streaming. However, most of the angst against the fear and uncertainty, rebellion against lockdowns is reflected in memes on social media platforms.
Suffering takes humans to sublime levels – take e.g., the deaf Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony. Glaucoma, epileptic seizures and a touch of psychosis resulted in van Gogh’s Starry Night. Picasso painted Guernica in response to the bombing of Guernica by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy at the request of the Spanish Nationalists. It portrays the suffering of people and animals wrought by violence and chaos. Prominent in the composition are a gored horse, a bull, screaming women, dismemberment, and flames.
The Plague was recommended by Nirupama Subramanian in an editorial of The Indian Express as the allegory… has to be read literally for the amazing exactness with which it describes the world at this time, while the underlying story about human conduct in war-time France holds up to us a mirror about the moral diseases of our own times.
Here are some extracts from the book and their equivalent present states. This is mother Nature rebelling against pollution and climate change:
was as though the very soil on which our houses were built was purging itself of an excess of bile, that it was letting boils and abscesses rise to the surface, which up to then had been devouring it inside.

Call it Wuhan virus, Novel corona virus or SARS-CoV-2, it is a killer:
Therefore it doesn’t matter whether you call it plague or growing pains.

Here is forced quarantine or isolation:
Impatient with the present, hostile to the past and deprived of a future, we really did then resemble those whom justice or human hatred has forced to live behind bars.

The middle class indifferent to the woes of the migrants and other economically challenged:
No one yet had really accepted the idea of the disease. Most were chiefly affected by whatever upset their habits or touched on their interests. They were annoyed or irritated by them, and these are not feelings with which to fight the plague.

The fear and uncertainty of the extent of COVID-19 and its long-term economic consequences:
But this rotten bastard of a disease! Even those who don’t have it, carry it in their hearts.

Coronavirus is the great leveler, even heads of stat are not immune to it:
From the higher point of view adopted by the plague, everyone, from the prison governor to the least of the inmates, was condemned, and perhaps for the first time absolute justice reigned inside the jail.

Eventually ennui and banality set in:
But it seemed that the plague had settled comfortably into its peak and was carrying out its daily murders with the precision and regularity of a good civil servant.

The oft quoted ominous conclusive sentence:
the plague bacillus never dies or vanishes entirely, that it can remain dormant for dozens of years in furniture or clothing, that it waits patiently in bedrooms, cellars, trunks, handkerchiefs and old papers, and that perhaps the day will come when, for the instruction or misfortune of mankind, the plague will rouse its rats and send them to die in some well-contented city.


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Thursday, February 13, 2020

Book Review: Trotternama by Allan Sealy

The Trotter-NamaThe Trotter-Nama by I. Allan Sealy
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

This is a book that can really be appreciated only by Indians. It is tour de force of India during the British Raj and post-Independence times about a section of the population that were neither colonists nor colonizers. It has echoes of Norman Mailer, Rushdie’s magic realism and bit of Joycean stream of consciousness. The style ranges from the cryptic in its brevity to the verbose at the other extreme. Here are the choicest bits from an interminable olla podrida of a miasma of mephitic odours (Warning: not for the faint-hearted):
What was this? A stink, foul and sewage, was coiling in his nostrils, an odour to which every pestilential thing in India seemed to have contributed its part.
The vapour of privies … the sweat of bird-catchers, the lime of seducers, the lint of navels … the footbaths of postmen… the oilings of lechers, the slime of ruttings… the navel-cords od outcastes … the swabs of morticians, the sweeping of barbershops, the flushings of abattoirs, the slop of stews, the parings of pariahs, the dressings of doctors … the findings of ear-cleaners, the leavings of surgeons … the waterbrash of lalas … the mange of muskrats … the semen of eunuchs… the spittle of mendicants, the turds of soldiers … the scabs of traitors… the blisters of table-masters, the phlegm of palki-bearers, the ordure of chamberpots … the dunnage of pyres, the rankling of boils … the disjecta of ragmen… the heavings of gluttons …the retchings of beggars, the warts of harlots… the matter of sores, the armpit hair of cowards… the cuckings of cloaca, the cotton of monthly-pads

There are two pages devoted to every possible source of a foul odour found uniquely in India.
Here are the dyspeptic consequences of a night of gluttony:
The double-onion mutton curry and the Goanese masala fish of the fourth setting were doing noisy battle in his stomach, on top of which there were flanking movements by a luscious date halva, itself harassed by an insurgent khir. He tossed and groaned on his bed, now rolling himself into a ball, now lying on his back with his feet straight out, now stretched diagonally across the bed with one knee bent and his arms spread like a trapeze artist.

The author accurately observes the Indian obsession with ‘convent education’:
A matrimonial ad in the Sunday paper, after describing the bride-to-be as very fair, beautiful, and homely (meaning house-trained), clinched the business with convented. Naturally, convents multiplied all across the country, most without any trace of a nun, and one of them named, memorably, BLONDIE CONVENT. Others, less fastidious, settled for plain SCHOOL, but since recognition was important their signs said: LOVELY SCHOOL, English-Medium (Recognized by the Petroleum Corporation), or SAINTLY HEART SCHOOL, English-Medium (Recognized by the Pulp Mill), or, with disarming modesty, NICE SCHOOL (English-Recognized).

"House-trained"? Is the ad for a bride or a dog? Viva Indianisms! It is cameos like this that make for engrossing and hilarious reading.
Conversations ending with men as a punctuation mark takes me back to my school-days – this is how all of us spoke, including our teachers.

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Tuesday, January 21, 2020

Book Review: Wild Himalaya: A Natural History of the Greatest Mountain Range on Earth

Wild Himalaya: A Natural History of the Greatest Mountain Range on EarthWild Himalaya: A Natural History of the Greatest Mountain Range on Earth by Stephen Alter
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

A book that is a delight to hold and behold – this is true labour of love. It is based both on the extensive personal treks of the author, as well as intense research on this massive mountain range. The narrative varies from the lyrical to the philosophical, neither overly scholarly, nor flippant or disparaging. The reader encounters the geology, geography, history, butterflies, animals, birds, religious rites (both sanguineous as well as botanical) and folklore of this natural wonder. Explorers, naturalists and scholars who have devoted their lives to the study of Himalaya are mentioned in detail. The photographs are stunning, capturing enchanting landscapes, exquisite flora and bewitching fauna.
The book ranges from the dammed Ramganga in the foothills to the pristine and spiritual Mansarovar, from the verdant forests of Arunachal Pradesh to the stark icy deserts of Tibet. The disconnected chapters are welcome – one chapter may describe a Mahabharat performance in the heart of the Garhwal hills and the next jumps to the sylvan valleys of the Kanchenjunga, the next ascending to the highest meadow in the world in POK.
Incidentally, from the Lepidopterist family of Smetaceks in Bhimtal, one of the brothers was my classmate in school in Nainital way back in the seventies. Like the author, I too am endemic to the hills, being born of a Kumaoni mother and spending my childhood in the Kumaon and Garhwal hills.
The author is disconsolate with the rapid degradation of the Himalaya and its environs:
After seven days of the pristine forests of the Eastern Himalaya, we suddenly find ourselves in a smouldering wasteland of accumulated filth with mountains of refuse ignited by spontaneous combustion.
Perched on these huge piles of burning rubbish are hundreds of storks, stooped like solemn hunchbacks with bald heads and heavy beaks. Hanging under their throats is a loose pouch of skin that looks like a deflated balloon…. These flesh-eating birds feed on scraps of carrion brought here from butcher shops and road kills all over the city (Guwahati).
Children run about barefoot through streams of sewage and glaciers of broken glass, while grim birds look like creatures out of an apocalyptic image. Reminded of the giant man-eating birds of Sherdukpen folklore, I can’t help feeling that this is how our world may end, a grotesque vision of a polluted land, populated by carnivorous storks, who squawk and squabble over rotting skin, entrails and bones.

Later:
Mountains and rivers are revered and worshipped as maternal deities yet the same streams of holy water are defiled with untreated sewage from ‘Vedic Resorts’… Poorly constructed, multi-story hotels with sanctimonious names encroach the riverside in defiance of regulations governing ‘eco-sensitive zones’. Himalayan vistas that once inspired the faithful to give up material pursuits are now hidden behind garish hoardings announcing the chauvinistic discourses of self-aggrandizing holy men, while the eternal silence of the Himalaya echoes with digitized hymns set to a Bollywood beat.

His anguish and anger are obvious:
Piety and pollution seem to go hand in hand while godliness has become inherently grubby. Pilgrims who travel to the mountains, along with those who enable these spiritual journeys, believe that Himalayan destinations will cleanse their sins. In return, the mountains receive nothing but offerings of filth.

Sadly, no credit is given for the impeccable illustrations heading each chapter. Once again, just the gorgeous photos are a marvellous peek at the haunting beauty of the immutable Himalaya.
Finally, I'd like to add to the third man phenomenon experienced by mountain climbers. This is a hallucination due to a condition called Isolated High-Altitude Psychosis, distinct from High altitude cerebral oedema, and brought on by the complete deprivation of social contact and loneliness for prolonged periods.

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